Metabolism and Weight Loss
Omega-3 fatty acids which are important in human nutrition are: alpha-linolenic acid (18:3, ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5, EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, DHA). These three polyunsaturates have either 3, 5 or 6 double bonds in a carbon chain of 18, 20 or 22 carbon atoms, respectively.
All double bonds are in the cis-configuration, i.e. the two hydrogen atoms are on the same side of the double bond.
Known source of polyunsaturated fats is the cold-water fish including lake trout, mackerel, and salmon. These fishes are a rich source of omega-3 acid which is essential in preventing heart diseases through lowering blood clot and lowering triglycerides. Omega-3 acid is also known to lower high blood pressure.
(Triglycerides: The major form of fat. A triglyceride consists of three molecules of fatty acid combined with a molecule of the alcohol glycerol. Triglycerides serve as the backbone of many types of lipids (fats). Triglycerides come from the food we eat as well as from being produced by the body.) Omega-3 acid is particularly noted in help in weigh control because it contains EPA and DHA which is the long-chain that is only found in marine organisms. This acid is also responsible for the increasing the secretion of a hormone known as leptin which decreases appetite and burns body fat.
The omega-3 acid found in some polyunsaturated fats are also responsible for enabling the body to store carbohydrates in glycogen form so that it will not be stored as body fat. In addition, omega-3 acid prevents inflammation which is a condition that contributes to weight gain.
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